Substitute Fuels: Co-Incineration in Cement Works and Coal-Fired Power Plants in Europe

Furthermore the landfill directive lead to a significant reduction of deposited municipal waste in some countries where by the thermal treatment and thereby also the co-incineration gained in relevance and will furtherincrease. In the cement market a high competition intensity is showing in some of the analysed countriesbecause of the declining demand for cement and clinker that lead to operators of cement workshaving to produce especially costefficient. Waste-derived fuels such as used tires and prepared municipal and commercial waste because of the cost structure already account for an average Proportion of more than 60 percent of fuels in Germany, the Netherlands and Austria.